Filter



Oct. 25, 1932. D, D DQQLEY 1,884,616

FILTER Filed May 5, 1930 7/ y fr? wfzaf www l Patented st. 25, 1932narran STATES PATENT orifice l ILIVA'R D. DGOLEY, OF ROCK ISLAND,ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO DOOLEY IMPROVEMENTS, INC., OF ROCK ISLAND,ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS FILTER Application filed May 5,1930. Serial No. 449,835.

rlhis relates primarily to oil filters, more particularly to cartridgefilters of the discardable type.

It is common practice to pass the oil supplied to the splash pans of anautomobile engine, or the oil supplied to the nozzle of an tridge,adapted for use in an automobile, an

oil burner, or other similar installations, the cartridge beinghermetically sealed and con- J 'A taining a filter unit of sufficienteffective area to permit passage of the requisite amount of oil withoutcreating anY unduly large pressure difference across the 'inlet Vandoutlet ports of the cartridge. The cartridge so con x' structed isintended to be discarded after it has been used for a predeterminedlength of time, that is, for example, 1n an automobile after the car hasbeen driven ten thousand miles.

The cartridge constructed for this purpose must necessarily be cheap sothat its installation and replacement will not impose an undue burdenupon the car owner, and moreover it must be leak-proof and at the sametime effective for the purpose of straining solid particles out of theoil.

In an automotive vehicle, the oil drawn from the bottom of the crankcase by the pump and returned to the splash pan is frequently heated 'toa rather high temperature during the operation of the motor. I havefound that in certain oil filters of the cartridge type devisedheretofore, the temperature of the oil is sufficiently high to oxidizethe fabric of the filter at the point at which the oil first engagesthat fabric upon its entry into the cartridge. This oxidization of thefabric soon causes it to break or split with the result that the filteris disabled and unfiltered oil is pumped through the filter withouthaving the solid particles entrained inthe oilremoved from it priorftoits deliveryto the engine. In other words, a filter while still in theoil line, is totally disabled and incapable of performing the functionsit is designed to perform.

In my present invention I have provided a new and improved filtercartridge in which the oil delivered from the pump of the system isspread in. a vthin layer over a metallic plate that is maintained ingood thermal contact with the exterior walls of the casing, thisarrangement withdrawing the heat from the oil prior to its coming intocontact with fo the fabric of the filter, and radiating that heatthrough the exterior walls of the casing.

The result is that the oil iscooled suiiiciently to bring itstemperature below the oxidizing point of the fabric prior to its cominginto Contact with the fabric so that the life of the filter is therebyincreased'and the likelihood of damage to the filter member because ofoxidization is entirely removed.

The filter employed in the pref-erred embodiment of my inventionconsists of a band of soft fabric such as canton flannel disposed withits nap on the outside. AThis material is fluted into slots in asupporting spider, the fluting holding the fabric in the slots without'r the use of laces, stitching or other binding means, with the resultthat the entire area of the fabric is available for filtering oil, andconsequently a maximum filtering surface is obtained with minimumoverall dimensions.

Further objects of my invention, Ynot specifically mentioned here, willbe apparent from the detailed description and claimsv taken inconnection withy the accompanying drawing in which a preferredembodiment of it is shown by way of example and in which:

Figure l is a cross-sectional view of a completely assembled filtercartridge built in accordance with the teachings of my invention;

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional'view ofthe cartridge shown in Figure ltaken along the line 2 2 looking in the direction of the arrows; and iFigure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a slightly modified form of myinvention.y

Referring to the drawing now in more def tail, the cartridge comprises alengthof pipe l upon which are pressed a plurality of spiders 2, 3, 4and 5. These spiders are sheet meta-l stampings containing radiallydisposed 100 slots 6 and 7 disposed alternately around the peripheraledge of the spider. At the center of the spider is a central opening 8having a flanged edge 9, which is pressed onto the pipe 1 and whichserves to hold the spider in place. The pipe 1 is pierced adjacent theend spider and a pin 10, preferably a ootter pin, is projected throughthe pipe to lock the spider 2 against movement longitudinally of thepipe. The ipe is also provided with a plurality of hollds or ports 11and a second plurality of ports 12 for a purpose which will behereinafter brought out.

The end spider plate is likewise secured against movement on the pi e 1by a pin 13. The framework so forme is covered with a fabric filtermember 20, which preferably consists of a piece of cotton flannel orother suitable long nap material disposed with the nap outward. Thefabric is fluted into the slots 6 and 7 in the spiders, the spiders 2 to5 inclusive being placed on the pipe so that the slots 6 alignthemselves in a line longitudmally of the pipe and the shallow slots 7also align themselves. The fabric may be placed upon the framework inany preferred manner, such as by pushing it down into the deep sbt. 21with a suitable tool which is held in place to hold the fabric in thebottom of this slot While the fabric is pushed into the adjacent shallowslot 22 by a similar tool. The tanni employed to push the fabric intothe slot21 is then removed and employed to force the fabric into theslot 23 while the tool in the slot 22 is held in place. This operationis continued until the fabric has been fluted or tucked into all of theslots on the frame, the flutes so formed remainingr in the slots withoutthe aid of a lacing or other binding means. tne fabric 20 is longer thanthe distance between the end spiders. 2 and 5, and projects beyond thesespiders for a distance of applrmately one inch. To seal the ends of thecylinder so formed, I have provided a dished disc w which is pressed onover the end section of the pipe 1 and rotated to fold and wad theprojecting end of the fabric 20 over the surface of theend spider 2 andaround the pmecting: end of the pipe 1. The dished dim 80'is held inplace on the pipe ir` any preferred manner such as by a suitable pin 311which is preferably a cotter pin, thereby sacur'elybinding the end ofthe fabric to the framework. A flanged edge 32 is rolled or otherwise.formed in the disc this edge extending'- over the peripheral edge ofthespider 21nd the fabric that is drawn across this edge, and serves tosecurely lock the fabric frn pulling loose from the disc and spider. Asimilar'I dished disc 33 is pressed onto the pliojecting end of the pipe1 to wad the oppoaitmemtof the fabric 20 against. the outside Surfaceofthe spider, this disc being held 0I! the pipe by a similar pin 34 andbeing provided with'a rolled flange 35 which engages the spider 5 tolock the fabric on it.

The spider framework is thus covered by a fluted fabric forming acylindrical member having the ends of the pipe 1 extending therefrom.Vithin the pipe, at a point adjacent the end spider 2, I have placed abaille 40 which completely blocks the pipeat a point between the ports11 and the cotter pin 10. The filter cartridge is then inserted in acylindrical metallic casing 41 with the end 42 of the pipe 1 projectingthrough a central opening in that casing, that end being welded 0rsoldered to the casing as shown at 43, to form an oil-tight joint. Thecover 44 is placed on the open end of the casing 41, with the end 45 ofthe pipe projecting through this cover and soldered as at 46 to likewiseform an oil-tight joint. The open end of the casing 41 is provided witha flange 47 and the lower end of the cover 44 is rolled over this flange47 to form a standing seam 49 which may be soldered at 48 to form anoiltight joint completely encasing the filter unit.

Preferably the pipe 1, the spiders 2 and 5 u inclusive, and the casing41 and cover 44 are all formed of sheet metal such as iron, iron beingchosen because of its cheapness. However, if desired, brass, copper, orother metals may be substituted within the teachings of my invention.

- The end 45 of the pipe 1 is preferably provided with internal threads50 and the end 42 with internal thread 51, these threads preferablyadapting the end of the pipe to receive a standard 1/i1ich automotivepipe fitting, although obviously other thread sizes or an externalthread may be used if desiled.

In the operation of the filter, oil is admitted through the end 45 by asuitable pipe connection, not shown, leading from the pump of the motoror burner. This oil is prevented froxn flowing lengthwise of the pipe 1by the bathe 40, and flows out through the plurality of small ports 1lspreading itself over the outer surface of the dished disc 30. This discbeing composed of a metal of good thermal conductivity and being securedto the pipe 1 which in turn is secured to the casing cover 44, a goodthermal path is provided from the thin layer of oil on the disc 30, to`the exterior surface of the cartridge from which the heat contained inthe oil may be readily radiated. This cools the oil, reducing thetemperature to such a point that it is not sufficiently high to oxidizethe fabric and thereby damage it.

The oil flows from the upper surface of the disc 30 outwardly and downaround the outside surface of the fabric `20, then through if thrugh itfreely without building up an unduly high differential in pressure.

The oil which filters through the vfabric 20 into the cylinder formed bythat fabric flows through the holes 19 in the spiders 3 and 4, into thespace between the spiders 4 and 5, where it can flow through the port 12into the pipe land thence out through the end 42 of that pipe which isconnected by suitable pipe connections, not shown, to the place to whichthe oil is to be delivered.

Solid particles entrained in the oil are collected on the outer surfaceof the filter fabric 2O and imbedded in the nap of that fabric whichholds them securely.

In the embodiment of my invention shown in Figure l, the oil that is tobe filtered is admitted to the cartridge through the pipe end 45 locatedin one end of the cartridge and the oil is drained from the cartridgethrough the pipe 42 projecting from the opposite end. In certaininstances because of the existing piping on an automobile, for example,it may be advantageous to arrange the filter so that the inlet andoutlet ports of it are lo cated on the same end of the cartridge. Tothis end I have provided a modified construction, shown in Figure 3.This form of the filter comprises a central pipe having spiders 6l, 62,63 and 64 pressed thereon and the end spiders held by cotter pins and 66in the hereinbefore explained manner. The fabric filter 67 is placed onthe frame-work so formed in the same manner as the fabric 20 of thepreviously explained embodiment, and discs 68 and 69 are pressed on theprojecting ends of the pipe to wad the ends of the fabric 67 against theend plates 6l and 64 respectively. Flanges 70 and 71 are turned over theend spiders to lock the fabric in place.

rlhe pipe 60 is not provided with a baffle, and is provided with asingle series of relatively large ports 7 2 preferably located at itsmeridian point.

The casing 73 is identical with the casing 4l, and the projecting end 74 of the pipe 60 soldered therein at 75 to form an oil-tight joint. rEhecover 76 contains an opening intowhich the projecting end 77 of the pipe6() is soldered at 7 8 and also contains an opening into which the inletbushing 7 9 is fastened by welding or soldering. The inlet bushing andthe ends 74 and 77 of the pipe are threaded internally to accommodatepipe fittings such as the standard l/g-inch automotive pipe fitting. Thecover 76 is fastened to the casing 7 3 by a standing seam 8O which issoldered or welded to form a liquid tight joint.

In this embodiment of the invention, oil is admitted to the cartridgethrough the pipe, not shown, connected to the inlet port 7 9, that f oilspreading over the surface of the disc 68 to be cooled prior to itscoming into .Contact with the fabric 67. The oil filters its waytherefore adapts the cartridge to particular conditions which cannotreadily be met by the preferred embodiments shown in Figure l.

As in the modification shown in Figures l and 2, the cartridge .isdesigned to be -discarded when the fabric 67 has become so coated withsediment thatJ its filtering properties are impaired.

Tfilters built in accordance with the teachings of my invention can befabricated at low cost and sold to the consuming public at asuliiciently low price that they may be discarded when their usefulnesshas expired without great monetary loss. The unit is completely sealedand free from leaks and can be installed on an automobile or in an oilburner installation and operated over a long period of time without anyattention. The task of installing the unit and of replacing it when itsusefulness has passed is simple and can be made without the use ofspecial tools by an ordinary garage man at a reasonable cost.

Vilhile I have chosen to show a preferred embodiment of my invention, Ihave done so by way of example only and am not to be limited by thespecific details shown.

llhat I consider new and desire to have protected by `Letters Patent ispointed out in the appended claims.

VJ hat is claimed is:

l. In a filter, the combination of an outer shell comprising acylindrical wall having heads at each end, a tubular rod extendingbetween said heads and extending through at least one of them, radiallyslotted disks fixed at opposite ends of the rod, a sheet of filterfabric'fiuted into said radial slots and having the ends of the flutesfolded over the outer sides of the plates to close off the ends of theflutes beyond the plates, and circular heads fastened to the central rodand lying axially beyond said plates and gpressing against the foldedends of said flutes to keep the fabric in place.

2. A filter comprising in combination a substantially cylindricalcasing, a hollow rod disposed substantially centrally of the Casing,said hollow rod having a pipe connection at one end exterior to thecasing, a pair of circular bracket members mounted centrally on saidhollow rod adjacent the ends thereof, said bracket members havingradially extending fingers, a sheet of filter cloth mounted on saidlingers and held thereby in the form of a iuted cylinder, the ends ofthe utesxbeing folded over the end faces of the brackesto close'thesaidendsl of the flutes, ,and'head members having peripheral portions.extending longitudinally of the Vfluted cylinder' to embrace theperiphery of the4 kbracket members to hold the filter 'clothY againstlongitudinal movement, said head`V members being secured yto the hollowrod vand holding in place the folded ends of the flutes, said hollow rodhaving an opening intermediate said bracketsto provide communicationwith the interior of the fluted cylinder.

3. ,In a filter, a casing, a central rod having j .a portion thereofdisposedA within the casing, a generally cylindrical filter memberformed plurality of slotted sheet metal spiders pressed on the pipe andevenly spaced thereon, means for preventing displacement of the end onesof said spiders on the pipe, a fluted .,u filter member disposed oversaid spiders and in said slots, the enlls of said memberextending beyondthe end ones of said spiders, dished discs pressed on said pipe to `wadthe ends of said member against the end ones of said spiders, flanges onsaid discs rolledrover the edges of end spiders to bind them together, abaffle in said pipe adjacentone of said spiders, ports in said pipeoutside of said baffle and the adjacentdisc, outlet lports in said pipewithin the cylinder formed `bysaid fluted member, and a casinconcentrically Ydisposed around said flute cylinder with said pipeprojecting throughits end .walls.

5. A filter kunit comprising a cylindrical pipe, a plurality of slottedmetallic fins evenly spaced along and attached to said pipe, ymeans forlookin `the end ones of said fins on said pipe, a fi ter unitsurrounding said pipe and having pleats disposed in the slot of saidfins, metallic cup-like discs pressed on to the ends of said pipe,flanges on said disc rolled over said end fins lto lock said filter unitin place thereon, a casing surrounding said filter unit, through which.casing said pipe extends and to which it is attached, said casinghaving inlet and out let ports the former to admit liquid into contactwith one of said discs and the latter to remove liquid from the insideof said 3 filter unit.

.riesame 6. A filter unit comprising a' plurality of slotted sheetymetal fins, a pipe on which said fins are evenly spaced, means forpreventing ,dislodgment of the end ones of said fins longitudinally ofsaid pipe, a yfabric filter `said filter unit thereon, said pipeextending beyond said disc and having a group of openings outside of oneof said discs, a plug in said `pipe obstructing it inwardly of saidholes, said pipe also having another group of holesdisposed interiorlyof the cylinder formed vby said filter member, a casing sur- .v roundingsaid filter member through which said pipe extends and to which it isattached,

one end of said pipe forming an inlet through which oil'is admitted topass through the yfirst ofsald openings into contact with said disc andthrough said filter unit and said second-openings out of said casing.

7. An oil filter comprising the combination of a sealed casing, acentral pipe disposed in the casing with its ends projecting from theends thereof, a spider carried by the pipe, said spider'having a slottedperiphery, a fabric filter member fluted into the yperipheral slots ofsaid spider,` means for clamping the ends of said member to the ends ofthe spider, and means for spreading the oil admitted to the filter oversaid clamping means to cool it before it comes into contact with saidfabric member.

